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Emotional barriers

In my last post I noted that we are hard wired to be emotional.

I’ve been thinking a lot lately about how peoples emotions form barriers in their life and to the people around them.   Our genetic personality and experiences from a very young age shape these barriers to define who we are.  We all have areas where those barriers are negotiable, and not too painful to change or remove.  And we all have areas where those barriers are rigid, where we are unwavering in our commitment. Changing them would require great pain as they are a major construct of our identity. We feel like we lose a sense of ourselves.  In fact, in most cases, we take pride in them. They define who we are and give us purpose.

However, I am starting to believe that the same identity driven emotional barriers are also the exact thing that prevents us from success when tackling big challenges. Good barriers and bad ones.  This applies broadly in a corporate environments when trying to be innovative.  Some may react negatively to this point and say this isn’t so or that they don’t see it.  In my experience, the naysayers are also usually the ones that have drawn the most rigid emotional barriers.  They have constructed false blinders that don’t allow them to see other peoples emotional barriers or see how their blinders affect everyone else.

The result of these barriers is usually that you personally stagnate, or worse, fail completely.  But even worse is that those around you also fail to.  An impasse is reached.  There is a lack of alignment on a pressing problem. The team fails to act in a manner that reflects the challenge at hand.

I don’t think people realize how often this happens. In the design and business world, I see people up against the emotional barriers that define their identity DAILY.  And even in environments most would agree are functional ones, even innovative, there is a critical lack of alignment of action that ultimately shackles the initiative. People aren’t truly listening to each other, discussing the opportunities and risks, adjusting plans and shifting their thinking.  They are working in silo’s, within their emotional barriers, expressing their identity to the detriment of everyone.

But that only worked in the old economy, where work was more of an operations challenge instead of a strategy or innovation challenge. An operative environment rewarded the individual working in their silo (with few errors, of course).  The new economy has challenges that require collaboration on a new level.

I am quickly coming to the opinion that we need to address a problem, that we need an emotional transformation to be able to deal with the challenges of the 21st century.  We need to operate at a higher emotional level.  We need to understand ourselves and be willing to operate in a zone close to the fringes of our emotional barriers without shutting down and returning to our identity driven silos.

And I believe that pioneering design strategy models that integrate relationship theory, particularly love relationship theories,  could help facilitate the process.  Where else are you going to go for answers on how to deal with peoples emotional barriers?

More sporadic blogs to come on this.

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The Chair Squirm

There has been a constant theme coming up in the various design/innovation/thought leading material I’ve been reading lately. Its not a new concept. But it is incredibly hard to do well.  So it is something that does require a constant reminder.  Seth Godin’s Linchpin and a recent blog from Ooga Labs both touched on it.

It goes like this.

Be passionate about your ideas and work.  But be completely fluid with them, and be willing to walk away from them at a moments notice if necessary.

The recommendation usually sounds very zen-like, and is nearly impossible to emulate regularly and consistently (like, in my opinion, any other concept of eastern religion).  We are hard wired to be emotional beings.

My hunch is that most people that think they can do this flawlessly are either not being honestly passionate about their work, or are very good at hiding their emotions.

What do you think that blank stare really means from your team members after a piercing criticism?

After 15 years of working at this I have come to accept a functional compromise. I recognize that I get emotional, then consciously manage those emotions.  The name of this comes from knowing how I exhibit emotion in stressful circumstances and monitoring it. I call it the “Chair Squirm”.

When I get feedback that is difficult to hear, I squirm and move about in my chair. A corollary is that it would also be my “tell” in poker.  When I catch myself doing the Squirm, I consciously work to not shut down or shut the feedback out, but to engage in the feedback. Ask questions, try it on for size and play with it.  I get emotional. But then I manage it and use that energy to positive ends.

I think we all could do a bit better if we understood our own tells, our chair squirm, so that we could manage our emotions better.   Emotions and anxiety don’t take care of themselves. And they are major inhibitors to all things creative.

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Soft skills are the first step

I have been recommending to a client for a while that the first step towards building an in-house innovation capability is not building an innovation team, but building a high level program management structure to their sales driven organization.  They are in a position where they need to build better partnerships with their customers and discern needs.

But it has taken me a little while to realize the true strategy behind what I was recommending.

The strategy behind what I was advocating was, instead of investing in the engine that creates ideas, start with building leaders with people skills.  In this day and age, there are a multitude of outside resources that can research, ideate and realize new ideas.   You don’t need to build this in house to capture its value.  What you can’t outsource, and in fact is not in your interest to outsource, are the people skills for those that lead your innovation efforts. Both internally facing and externally facing.  Ideally those are integrated together for better alignment with needs.

Most corporate cultures are driven to be transactional.  While effective at eliminating inefficiency, this drive has open conflicts with what is required for innovation. Innovation requires a shift to a higher order of operation.  It’s more of a relationship.  Your hit rate is lower. Your challenge is greater.  No one knows the answers.  So it requires teams that can operate effectively in this environment.

Without the soft skills, ideas will more likely be off track or be unsupported internally. The likely outcome is failure and organizational scar tissue. This moves you backwards more than you can possibly understand.  This state is sadly a relevant description of the status many organizations today.

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Why not….a post about the iPad

I flip flopped several times before deciding to write a post about the iPad. I’ve been amused and entertained by the reaction so far. There was so much hype in the build up to its release. A let down was inevitable. The only way Apple could have avoided this was if the iPad could magically levitate in front of your eyes for easier “hands free” browsing. Or something equally wild and impossible.

The most interesting post I found on it was from Erica Ogg at CNET:

http://news.cnet.com/8301-31021_3-10443890-260.html?tag=digg

I also noted the unusual product presentation by Jobs sitting down and came to the same conclusions.  I believe the reviewers that are let down are those the product was not designed for. Most of the criticisms seem to be coming from those that are layering their own expected use scenarios over the product. And frankly, it looks like the iPad does not apply to them.  In reality, Apple designed this product for someone, and/or something else.  As I noted before, the Kindle did it by targeting new consumers with e-readers. Apple seems to be targeting leisure activities instead of more functional ones.

This fits the classic disruptive strategy of targeting non-consumers.  Its less about fitting between devices of established customers of computers, netbooks or iPhones. Its more about finding people that are missing some or all of those products and delivering something they value. That doesn’t mean they won’t sell to the established set, it just means the established set may be later adopters once the market and use scenarios mature.

This strategy can be highly risky and requires confidence to target.  No need to comment on Steve Jobs there.  But measuring the market of non-consumers is a difficult proposition. Who are they? How do you identify them? How do you get their feedback during development? How does your marketing reach them?

However, if you are able to navigate these challenges, it can be tremendously successful.  Only time will tell on the iPad. I’ll leave the knee jerk reactions to everyone else and wait and see if this strategy pays off for Apple (again!).

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What Scares You

I liked this post enough that it motivated me to refresh my blog for the first time in a while:

http://sivers.org/scares-excites-do-it

I would say that I try to live by this rule, although I will admit that I only do when I am thinking consciously about it. Sometimes I make safe decisions too. Particularly with the weight of peoples expectations that are important to me or when a past failure is closely accessible through memory.

But in general, I try.

Something that scares me is taking time to think about non-essential things, while very essential things sit dormant.  Which is why you haven’t seen a post in 70 days. The pressure of getting our product company (my other job) off  the ground has been focusing me. But that focus is what is “comfortable”.  Taking the time to share my ideas is less so.  I am clearly not alone on this realization. 

I will challenge myself today, and will hopefully do more soon.

Maybe you should too?

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Another example of access

Those of us that have spent time in the ski racing world know the name Chris Waddell. He was the paralyzed collegiate skier from Middlebury College that went on to establish and dominate the monoski discipline in the paralympics.  As an able bodied skier, we used to marvel at his abilities and toughness. 

And he is breaking down barriers again. 

He has become the first paraplegic to summit Mt. Kilimanjaro.  Check out the blog

http://one-revolution.com/blog/

Beyond being a fantastic accomplishment and example for others to follow, I bet there are going some new ideas for tools to assist the disabled.   As you can gather from his posts about his equipment, he and his team have given themselves access to a great learning experience.

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Required reading for designers…

…in addition to anyone focused on creating growth opportunities.

“Crossing the Chasm” by Geoffrey Moore

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossing_the_Chasm

It is relatively old, but I find it as relevant today as it was then.

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Access as a process

One of the things I am enjoying about my experience writing a business plan is researching other disciplines, like Marketing and PR.  For designers and engineers, this is often completely overlooked.   However, I have found it very stimulating.  And what I have found most interesting, is that there are very similar thought leadership trends as in the design world.

One of the similar trends I see is the need to transcend functional boundaries to achieve the desired result. This is the point made by Mark Hughes, author of the book Buzzmarketing.  He believes marketing and PR should be viewed as one. The point is to reach customers with your message, and the process is to use whichever medium which allows you uncluttered, credible access to them.

Access is a word that keeps coming up in design too.  The Amazon Kindle as an access portal to book content. User interfaces that lower the access barrier to content experiences.

I wrote a post the other day titled alignment to growth.  Another way to say that a team is aligned with growth, is that they have access to learning experiences that lead them to create the right market solutions.  Access is what creates contextual awareness of problems. Or perhaps even an emotional connection to the problem.  

I have a good example to illuminate this point.

bse2I listened to a speech a few weeks ago at a charity event for the American Blind Association by Mike May, who co-wrote his own biography titled Crashing Through.  He himself is blind.  Through his determination and spirit, he overcame his disability and pioneered a variety of new products for the blind. In addition, he had several other notable accomplishments like the world record for blind speed skiing and the invention of modern blind ski racing techniques (racers follow their lead skier instead of lead them).   He is truly a remarkable and inspiring person.

In addition to being remarkable, his blindness gave him access to relatively unique learning experiences.  Those experiences, in combination with his talent and determination, were what led to his accomplishments. 

I believe that access should be considered a process to achieve a impactful growth opportunities, not just a concept.  Or perhaps it should even be viewed as a meta-expertise for organizational management.  Relying on traditional boundaries of expertise between PR, marketing, design and manufacturing can lead to barriers.  Those barriers prevent reaching customers, closing sales  or creating compelling product designs.

Which leads me to an interesting hypothetical question: 

How can you organize your company for improved access so that it can see and realize opportunity like Mike May?

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Alignment with growth

I am finally getting around to reading Built to Last by Jim Collins and Jerry Porras. I had previously read Good to Great, and found some elements of the book to be of interest.  So far there are some similar themes between the two books. One of the similar themes is in the first chapter.  They found that great companies are not founded by charismatic visionary leaders or great ideas.  They are founded by “clock builders”, people that wanted to work together first, and focused on building a great visionary organization ahead of great products. This is one of those wonderfully sticky, counter intuitive ideas that has some merits. Their evaluation included organizations like HP, Sony and Ford.

This theory touches on a sensitivity of mine.  The propensity of business books to analyze the inner workings without relating them to the market growth opportunity they were able to successfully address.   The very thing that defined their success.  Perhaps its due to the challenge of finding the common themes in each of their disparate growth opportunities between case study companies.  However, I don’t think its impossible. And in these examples, I think the greater story is how the founders aligned their culture and capabilities to identify growth opportunities on a sustaining basis.

handcrankMost of the great companies studied by Collins/Porras were founded in a period of great technological advancement. Great engineering outputs were a strategic advantage. Opportunities for growth were created by simply enabling the average person to do what they couldn’t have done before through technology.  And you could be successful even if it required some user challenges (think of a hand crank starter for a car…)

In addition, as we have come to understand through the study of design, collaborative teams can be more creative than lone individual inventors.  Combining different personalities and disciplines, and appropriate constructive conflict can elevate the level of performance. 

So by focusing on building collaborative teams of engineers combined with a vision for impact on society, they created high performing teams with a direct connection to the right opportunities of their times. And through a process of exploration, they learned the right lessons and eventually created impactful products.  Furthermore, embedding that connection into their organizational culture, instead of just within the leadership team, they created organizations that survived and thrived past their founders involvement.   Sustained organizational alignment with growth.

Obviously, there is a corresponding failure of good but not great companies.  Great ideas coming from charismatic leadership can sometimes create entire companies that are disconnected from the real market opportunities. They build teams to execute against those great ideas and reap economic reward for a period of time. But when those leaders pass, you are left with companies that know how to operate within the economy created, but don’t know how to identity and deliver against new growth opportunities.  They are out of alignment. 

Fast forward several decades.  Creating impactful products in the current times is a much more complex affair than it was for the HP, Sony and Ford founders.  Opportunities and markets change much more quickly. People don’t accept poor user interfaces and product experiences anymore. People are looking for products that provide more emotional experiences.  Which means that if you want to create truly great organizations, you need to elevate the culture and capabilities to new levels in order to maintain alignment with the right opportunities.  

Mis-alignment might explain why the great companies identified in Built to Last are not currently doing that great. None are doing badly, per se.  But HP, Sony and Ford are no longer category leaders in their respective fields like they once were.  Organizations that are mastering the human context, like Apple, Amazon and Toyota are the new leaders.  Look at Apple. Even their store clerks are more aligned and engaged with what people want than the average employee at some of these great companies.  And they make $7/hour! So it remains to be seen whether the old great companies will elevate to new levels of alignment, or if they will remain within the old paradigms of alignment and gradually decline to insignificance.  And it will also be interesting to see  whether the new market leaders are able to embed the alignment necessary in their cultures to sustain their leadership, since many of them are currently being led by charismatic figures.

So with this all in mind, the first thing I’d recommend to anyone seeking to grow is to look at the alignment of your culture and capabilities to the growth opportunities of our times.  If you are out of alignment, you won’t be learning the right lessons that enable your success. And I’d set about building teams with the right alignment. Start by adding external teams, because there are currently many talented design firms out there mastering the human context. Then transition to a mixture of external and internal teams as you are able to hire and grow this capability internally.

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Design strategy for the other half

Design strategy is most often discussed in the context of creating goods and services for end consumers. Which is for good reason. Reliably understanding consumer needs and developing products to address them has proven to be challenging. There are far too many stories to note of companies getting it plain wrong.  And design strategy aims to improve that.

Yet there is a very large population of companies that sell components, products or services to other businesses or organizations.  They are what I call the “other half”.  Does design strategy work for these companies? And if so, how?

o_P233853Lets take an example. Say you manufacture an LCD touch screen film. The first thing worth noting is that there is a person, or persons, present for every purchasing decision on your product’s path to the market. There is an end consumer that buys the integrated product. And there is a end product team of resources that evaluate, specify, purchase and assemble your component.  The end consumer will ultimately determine the overall volume sold. But that volume is significantly influenced by the ability of the end product team to address the consumer’s needs.  The end product team also determines which component suppliers get to participate.  

Because there are people involved, there are also emotions and other needs involved beyond just the rational (cost, quality and lead time).  And that answers the first question for me.  Design strategy can be employed to create growth for the “other half” too.  But how?

There are at least two basic design strategies I can think of right off the bat.  The first ( “increase your slice of the pie”) aims to address the needs of the end product team to make their jobs easier, more manageable or more enjoyable. The more you target the upper levels of the team hierarchy, the more opportunity and value you’ll be rewarded with.  All too often, companies target the lower levels, the assemblers, operators and purchasers, and find that there is limited to zero economic value in it.  Its good customer service, but bad design strategy for growth.

The second (or “increase the size of the pie”) aims to address the needs of the end consumer uniquely through your technology.  If you identify and target the right need, it can impact the volume of end product and component sales.  This implicitly addresses the needs of all levels of the end product team hierarchy too. You make their job more enjoyable by enabling their growth.  With this strategy you should see an increased economic value in reward.  Coupling both strategies should maximize your value to the fullest (think “Intel inside”).

Developments over the last several years in the touch screen market are a good case study for this.  Some forward thinking team lead or executive at Balda AG (touch film supplier for the iPhone) studied consumers needs for smart phones, found the need to have customized user interfaces for each application and set about developing an enabling technology.  This must have happened before the current proliferation of smart phone uses given the technology development curve.   Through iteration and partnership development, they got the system performance to a point that consumers could intuitively learn it and abandon classic button laden interfaces.  They also found ways to make it scratch resistant.  This is the unsung technology innovation of the iPhone. And probably a major element of what Apple was monitoring for performance before its first release.  The touch screen maker employed good design strategy, and they have likely been rewarded through high volume and margin.

However, very few component suppliers I am aware of employ user studies of end consumers or forward thinking designers to advance their understanding of needs.  In varying degrees, they tend to employ the first strategy at the low levels of the end product team hierarchy.  And they also tend to accept current feature categories of products as their market justification.  However, this sets them up on the defensive, usually receiving lower value in return, and potentially even behind the development curve of their competitors. Think of what strategy tactile switch manufacturers were likely employing at the same time as Balda AG was developing their touch film, and where their business is at now (tactile switches are key components in standard button interfaces).

So what would I do if I were leading the charge for growth at a technology or component company?   I would adjust organizational priorities and spending to accommodate activities for both strategies.  I would add needfinding of the consumers that drive sales of end products with my components to my market assessment activities.  And I’d do this either unilaterally if I had to, or through partnerships if I could, to get ahead of my competitors and define higher value opportunities.  Then through joint development partnerships and iterative technology development, I’d target the release of new products and services for growth. During execution of these partnerships I’d focus on how to make the experience of interacting with my company superior, particularly to the higher levels of the hierarchy.   The process might require some evolution of technology or organizational expertise.   But if you learn the right lessons along the way for success, it should be more than worthwhile.

As a backup point, its worth noting the secondary values of development through partnerships. I have seen in practice that it can help each company politically justify the funds to execute the development. Something useful in this economic environment. An externally recognized partner interested in the same opportunity always builds confidence in that opportunity internally.

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